Synergistic policy construction of carbon mechanisms and carbon tariffs in the transition to a low-carbon economy
25 wrz 2025
O artykule
Data publikacji: 25 wrz 2025
Otrzymano: 15 sty 2025
Przyjęty: 30 kwi 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-1026
Słowa kluczowe
© 2025 Yinglan Jin, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Figure 1.
Figure 2.
Figure 3.
Figure 4.
Granger causality test between industrial exports and carbon tariffs
| Null Hypothesis: | Obs | F-Statistic | Prob. |
|---|---|---|---|
| LNCT1 does not Granger Cause LNEX | 20 | 3.77845 | 0.0486 |
| LNEX does not Granger Cause LNCT1 | 1.61949 | 0.2202 |
Variance decomposition of foreign trade
| Period | T(%) | C(%) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 0.00000 |
| 2 | 93.13578 | 6.86422 |
| 3 | 85.19534 | 14.80466 |
| 4 | 83.85902 | 16.14098 |
| 5 | 79.95932 | 20.04068 |
| 6 | 76.75789 | 23.24211 |
| 7 | 74.77952 | 25.22048 |
| 8 | 74.56891 | 26.23109 |
| 9 | 73.37278 | 26.62722 |
| 10 | 73.18066 | 26.81934 |
Test results of industrial exports and carbon tariff co-integration
| Hypothesized No. of CE(s) | Eigenvalue | Trace Statistic | 0.05 Critical Value | Prob.** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None * | 0.529117 | 15.66486 | 15.49470 | 0.0470 | |
| At most 1 | 0.110523 | 2.108218 | 3.841465 | 0.1464 | |
| Normalized cointegrating coefficients (standard error in parentheses) | |||||
| LNEX | LNCT1 | ||||
| 1.000000 | 3.686451 |
||||
| Adjustment coefficients (standard error in parentheses) | |||||
| D(LNEX) | 0.190010 |
||||
| D(LNCT1) | 0.221410 |
||||
Results of unit root test of ADF method
| Variable | ADF value | Test form (C,T,K) | Significant level | Threshold | Associated probability | Conclusion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LNEX | -0.906425 | 1% level | -3.80854 | 0.7646 | No | |
| 5% level | -3.02068 | |||||
| 10% level | -2.6504 | |||||
| D(LNEX) | -4.411628 | 1% level | -3.8315 | 0.0031 | Yes |
|
| 5% level | -3.02996 | |||||
| 10% level | -2.65518 | |||||
| LNCT1 | -1.689862 | 1% level | -3.80854 | 0.4210 | No | |
| 5% level | -3.02068 | |||||
| 10% level | -2.6504 | |||||
| D(LNCT1) | -3.823724 | 1% level | -3.8315 | 0.0103 | Yes |
|
| 5% level | -3.02996 | |||||
| 10% level | -2.65518 | |||||
| LNCT2 | -1.684928 | 1% level | -3.80854 | 0.4233 | No | |
| 5% level | -3.02068 | |||||
| 10% level | 2.65042 | |||||
| D(LNCT2) | -3.786470 | 1% level | -3.8315 | 0.0111 | Yes |
|
| 5% level | -3.02996 | |||||
| 10% level | -2.65518 |