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Synergistic policy construction of carbon mechanisms and carbon tariffs in the transition to a low-carbon economy

Yinglan Jin

Yinglan Jin

College of Economics, Shenyang UniversityShenyang, China
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Jin, Yinglan
  
25 sept 2025
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Publicado en línea: 25 sept 2025
Recibido: 15 ene 2025
Aceptado: 30 abr 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-1026
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© 2025 Yinglan Jin, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Carbon reduction backforcing mechanism formed by carbon tariff
Carbon reduction backforcing mechanism formed by carbon tariff

Figure 2.

The growth trend of LnENn, LnCAn and Tn
The growth trend of LnENn, LnCAn and Tn

Figure 3.

The second order difference sequence of LnENn, LnCAn and Tn
The second order difference sequence of LnENn, LnCAn and Tn

Figure 4.

Foreign trade response to a standard message
Foreign trade response to a standard message

Granger causality test between industrial exports and carbon tariffs

Null Hypothesis: Obs F-Statistic Prob.
LNCT1 does not Granger Cause LNEX 20 3.77845 0.0486
LNEX does not Granger Cause LNCT1 1.61949 0.2202

Variance decomposition of foreign trade

Period T(%) C(%)
1 100 0.00000
2 93.13578 6.86422
3 85.19534 14.80466
4 83.85902 16.14098
5 79.95932 20.04068
6 76.75789 23.24211
7 74.77952 25.22048
8 74.56891 26.23109
9 73.37278 26.62722
10 73.18066 26.81934

Test results of industrial exports and carbon tariff co-integration

Hypothesized No. of CE(s) Eigenvalue Trace Statistic 0.05 Critical Value Prob.**
None * 0.529117 15.66486 15.49470 0.0470
At most 1 0.110523 2.108218 3.841465 0.1464
Normalized cointegrating coefficients (standard error in parentheses)
LNEX LNCT1
1.000000 3.686451(0.41359)
Adjustment coefficients (standard error in parentheses)
D(LNEX) 0.190010(0.07245)
D(LNCT1) 0.221410(0.06363)

Results of unit root test of ADF method

Variable ADF value Test form (C,T,K) Significant level Threshold Associated probability Conclusion
LNEX -0.906425 1% level -3.80854 0.7646 No
5% level -3.02068
10% level -2.6504
D(LNEX) -4.411628 1% level -3.8315 0.0031 Yes***
5% level -3.02996
10% level -2.65518
LNCT1 -1.689862 1% level -3.80854 0.4210 No
5% level -3.02068
10% level -2.6504
D(LNCT1) -3.823724 1% level -3.8315 0.0103 Yes**
5% level -3.02996
10% level -2.65518
LNCT2 -1.684928 1% level -3.80854 0.4233 No
5% level -3.02068
10% level 2.65042
D(LNCT2) -3.786470 1% level -3.8315 0.0111 Yes**
5% level -3.02996
10% level -2.65518
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