A Digital Analysis Approach to the Performance Enhancement of Chinese Listed Commercial Banks by Interest Rate Marketization and Diversification
21 mar 2025
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Publicado en línea: 21 mar 2025
Recibido: 28 oct 2024
Aceptado: 22 feb 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-0640
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© 2025 Jin Zhu, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Variable correlation and multiple conlinear tests
| - | ROA | NET | EI | GDPR | LNA | CIR | CA | LDR | NPL | VIF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROA | 1.000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.705 |
| NET | -0.218 *** | 1.000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.203 |
| EI | 0.131 ** | -0.398 *** | 1.000 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.897 |
| GDPR | 0.157 *** | -0.051 | -0.016 | 1.000 | - | - | - | - | - | 1.322 |
| LNA | 0.142 *** | -0.182 *** | 0.472 *** | -0.041 | 1.000 | - | - | - | - | 1.756 |
| CIR | -0.226 *** | 0.238 *** | -0.298 *** | 0.085 | 0.037 | 1.000 | - | - | - | 1.964 |
| CA | 0.259 *** | -0.071 | 0.174 ** | -0.152 ** | 0.312 *** | -0.062 | 1.000 | - | - | 1.678 |
| LDR | -0.086 | -0.314 *** | 0.552 *** | -0.121 * | 0.414 *** | -0.416 *** | 0.085 | 1.000 | - | 1.711 |
| NPL | -0.211 *** | -0.116 * | -0.015 | -0.034 | 0.015 | -0.237 *** | -0.072 | 0.193 *** | 1.000 | 1.949 |
Descriptive statistical analysis of variables
| Variable | Means | SD | Min | Max | Median |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROA | 0.165 | 0.046 | 0.084 | 0.313 | 0.174 |
| NET | 0.038 | 0.043 | 0.009 | 0.089 | 0.028 |
| EI | 0.026 | 0.017 | 0.015 | 0.052 | 0.031 |
| GDPR | 0.014 | 0.008 | 0.003 | 0.037 | 0.022 |
| LNA | 0.515 | 0.429 | 0.238 | 0.694 | 0.385 |
| CIR | 0.026 | 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.039 | 0.028 |
| CA | 0.013 | 0.018 | 0.006 | 0.025 | 0.014 |
| LDR | 0.531 | 0.423 | 0.239 | 0.736 | 0.349 |
| NPL | 0.127 | 0.021 | 0.025 | 0.148 | 0.087 |
Interest rate liberalization and commercial bank performance
| Variable | Model (1)-ROA | Model (2)-ROA | Model (3)-ROA |
|---|---|---|---|
| NET | -0.176***(5.498) | -0.135***(3.579) | -0.236***(6.517) |
| GDPR | 0.006**(2.514) | 0.006(1.524) | 0.005(1.503) |
| LNA | -0.135***(-3.437) | -0.306***(-3.663) | -0.121**(-2.138) |
| CIR | 0.005(1.638) | 0.015***(2.714) | 0.005(0.936) |
| CA | -0.006(-0.735) | 0.025(1.535) | 0.008(0.735) |
| LDR | -0.007**(-2.241) | -0.005**(-2.127) | -0.001(-1.426) |
| NPL | -0.219***(-7.336) | -0.074*(-1.835) | -0.315***(-8.684) |
| (Con_) | 2.885***(4.754) | 5.138***(4.024) | 2.264***(3.891) |
| Adj.R2 | 0.686 | 0.706 | 0.728 |
Interest rate liberalization and diversification
| Variable | Model (1)-EI | Model (2)-EI | Model (3)-EI |
|---|---|---|---|
| NET | 0.115***(4.375) | 0.108***(5.643) | 0.079***(3.171) |
| GDPR | 0.005(0.516) | 0.002(0.637) | -0.003(-0.478) |
| LNA | 0.126***(3.675) | -0.051(-1.232) | 0.069***(3.109) |
| CIR | 0.002(0.627) | 0.008***(5.316) | -0.002(-0.457) |
| CA | 0.506***(4.835) | 0.544(5.128) | 0.416**(3.135) |
| LDR | -0.001(-0.074) | 0.002(1.178) | 0.000(0.916) |
| NPL | 0.005(0.271) | -0.015(-1.037) | -0.005(-0.201) |
| (Con_) | -1.238**(-2.176) | 1.252**(2.432) | -0.461(-1.238) |
| Adj.R2 | 0.615 | 0.624 | 0.618 |
Stability test results of variables
| Variable | LLC test | IPS test | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adj. t value | P value | Adj. t value | P value | |
| ROA | -10.682 | 0.001 | -3.331 | 0.000 |
| NET | -7.863 | 0.000 | -2.162 | 0.017 |
| EI | -2.114 | 0.000 | -3.026 | 0.015 |
| GDPR | -2.685 | 0.002 | -2.115 | 0.000 |
| LNA | -3.927 | 0.013 | -2.167 | 0.002 |
| CIR | -5.638 | 0.005 | -8.784 | 0.007 |
| CA | -6.424 | 0.001 | -2.369 | 0.006 |
| LDR | -2.015 | 0.028 | -5.268 | 0.001 |
| NPL | -3.576 | 0.034 | -3.724 | 0.002 |
| - | Model | Statistic | T value | P value |
| F test | Model (1) | 45.271 | -7.518 | 0.006 |
| Model (2) | 41.639 | -4.006 | 0.002 | |
| Model (3) | 40.852 | -2.152 | 0.000 | |
| Hausman test | Model (1) | 24.026 | -6.367 | 0.001 |
| Model (2) | 22.148 | -5.285 | 0.005 | |
| Model (3) | 18.974 | -3.479 | 0.013 | |
Add the regression results after joining the interaction
| Variable | Model (1)-ROA | Model (2)-ROA | Model (3)-ROA |
|---|---|---|---|
| NET | -0.158***(5.264) | -0.127***(3.281) | -0.229***(6.748) |
| EI | 0.027***(3.579) | 0.069***(4.032) | 0.018***(3.115) |
| NET*EI | -0.031***(4.428) | -0.047***(5.015) | -0.000(-0.261) |
| GDPR | 0.005**(2.427) | 0.007**(2.609) | 0.006**(2.523) |
| LNA | -0.132***(-3.218) | -0.136***(-3.241) | -0.131***(-3.105) |
| CIR | 0.007(1.227) | 0.005(1.015) | 0.009(1.338) |
| CA | -0.005(-0.689) | -0.007(-0.697) | -0.004(-0.624) |
| LDR | -0.005**(-2.378) | -0.004**(-2.129) | -0.007**(-2.672) |
| NPL | 0.226***(-7.826) | 0.231***(-7.915) | 0.235***(-7.968) |
| (Con_) | 0.357***(3.584) | 0.328***(3.173) | 0.331***(3.307) |
| Adj.R2 | 0.627 | 0.659 | 0.631 |
Robustness test results
| Variable | (1)-ROA | (2)-ROA | (3)-ROE | (4)-ROA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NET | -0.147***(4.272) | -0.143***(4.028) | -0.129***(3.865) | -0.126***(3.631) |
| (Con_) | -2.745***(6.945) | -2.679***(7.282) | -0.559(0.541) | 5.742(5.665) |
| Control | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Hysteresis | NO | NO | NO | YES |
| Year | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Individuals | YES | YES | YES | YES |
| Adj.R2 | 0.881 | 0.872 | 0.836 | 0.895 |