A Study on the Perception of Authenticity in Digital Display of Yangxin Cloth Paste
Published Online: Sep 23, 2025
Received: Feb 04, 2025
Accepted: May 10, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2025-0988
Keywords
© 2025 Lingli Hu, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Yangxin cloth stickers are folk handicrafts made by rural women in Yangxin County from edges and corners, which have a long history and have penetrated into every aspect of Yangxin people’s life [1]. There are many varieties of Yangxin cloth stickers, which are generally made up of daily necessities, children’s products and wedding products, and all of them carry people’s good wishes for the future life [2]. With the rapid progress of modern technology and industrial development, the traditional handicrafts such as Yangxin cloth stickers have also caused a considerable impact, and young people are becoming more and more unfamiliar with Yangxin cloth stickers. About how the intangible cultural heritage can be better disseminated and inherited, it has become a problem that young people cannot ignore [3-5].
The origin of Yangxin cloth stickers is due to the poverty and scarcity of materials in Yangxin at that time, the local women make the best use of the clothing trimmings, sewing and assembling a variety of patterns, which are rich in emotions and the desire for a better life of the people at that time [6-7]. Different patterns have different meanings, such as praying for their children, driving away evil spirits and eliminating disasters. Yangxin cloth sticker is a cultural treasure, with at least two thousand years of cultural heritage, so there are many “articles” can be excavated [8-9].
As a local traditional handicraft, Yangxin Cloth Paste is a magical application of edges and corners, reflecting the noble quality of thrift and frugality, the desire for a better life, as well as the richness of the creative ability and aesthetics of the people of that time [10-11]. With the development of science and technology and the advent of the digital technology era, computerized digital technology shows us infinite possibilities. The integration of Chinese traditional culture and digital technology is also a big trend [12-13].
In terms of digital cultural and creative industries, since the 1990s, along with China’s rapid economic growth, science and technology have been constantly changing [14]. Especially in the computer technology, the digitalization of technical expression and the current era of cultural and creative fusion more and more in-depth, thus adding a new way of cultural protection, that is, “digital cultural protection”. Positive changes in the digital culture industry posture, solidified the foundation of the digital cultural and creative industries, so that the core competitiveness of the cultural industry to improve [15-16]. Obviously, the core essence of digital cultural creation is culture. Through the condensation of excellent traditional cultural connotation, the use of digital technology innovation expression, and multi-party cultural and entertainment enterprises to jointly frame the emerging cultural IP to attract attention, so that the integration of culture and digital industry to realize the value of creating high-quality Chinese cultural symbols [17].
The digital media in the information age should also be an important carrier for the dissemination of traditional folk art. This study takes the digital display of Yangxin Cloth Paste as an entry point, aims to use digital technology as a medium to build the digital cultural and creative APP of Yangxin Cloth Paste, and designs the APP display interface and interactive experience function, realizing the innovation of service mode. The questionnaire survey was used to analyze the degree of perception of the authenticity of the digital display of Yangxin Cloth Paste by groups of different ages, genders and education levels. Structural equation modeling and correlation analysis were used to explore the effects of cultural authenticity, authenticity of Yangxin Cloth Paste products, authenticity of digital display interface, APP dependence and APP identity on user satisfaction.
Yangxin cloth sticker originated in the eastern region of Hubei Yangxin County, is the Yangxin folk handmade cloth art, is through the cutting, sticking, sewing, embroidery and other methods in a piece of cloth made into a beautiful and shallow relief effect of the folk utility art, known as the “Oriental unique works of art”, but also a member of the intangible cultural heritage after several generations of inheritance and innovation, Yangxin Through generations of inheritance and innovation, Yangxin handmade art of cloth stickers flourished in the 70s and 80s of the 20th century, and although it has long been hidden in the folklore, due to its unique artistic charm, it blossomed into a unique light once it was introduced, which aroused attention. Although thanks to the publicity of the National Intangible Heritage List in recent years, Yangxin Cloth Paste has gradually received people’s attention and protection, but due to the lack of targeted research on innovative design, Yangxin Cloth Paste art products are weak in innovation ability, fewer innovative categories, facing the problem of obsolete styles and sales difficulties, which in turn affects the inheritance and development of Yangxin Cloth Paste. From the level of academic research, the current literature for Yangxin cloth sticker research mostly only stays in the pattern, pattern and other crafts, there are few studies on its inheritance and development. At the policy level, China has included the digitization project of non-legacy in the development plan. Nowadays, the wide application of science and technology and Internet technology has also ushered in an important opportunity for the digitization of traditional non-heritage culture, but in the process of rapid development of modern society, traditional handicrafts are still stagnant, and the development of Yangxin Cloth Paste Pasted Cloth is facing heavy obstacles.
Authenticity is derived from the Greek word, also translated as original authenticity or truthfulness, i.e., “original”, “true”, “trustworthy”, and was first used in the field of museum studies to refer to the authenticity of artifacts in the collection. It was first used in the field of museum studies to refer to the authenticity of artifacts in the collection. The concept of authenticity was introduced into the field of tourism research, and it is believed that seeking authenticity is one of the purposes of tourists’ travel, after which authenticity has been a hot topic of concern in tourism-related fields, and many scholars have focused on the theoretical connotation of authenticity.
The product positioning of “Yangxin Cloth Sticker” APP is a comprehensive application which focuses on personalized customized products of Yangxin Cloth Stickers and is supplemented by teaching and popularization of crafts. APP product objectives are: to “Yangxin Cloth sticker” digital cultural creation APP as a platform, for Yangxin Cloth sticker non-heritage culture to create a unique cultural characteristics of the platform, to provide more specific information dissemination channels for the cloth sticker, to break the barriers of the user’s cognition of the Yangxin Cloth sticker. Through the specific function setting to establish the communication bridge between users and the inheritors of Yangxin Cloth sticker and other craftsmen, to show users the traditional crafts, products and cultural connotation of Yangxin Cloth sticker. Through the digital cultural creation can deeply excavate the brand cultural resources of Yangxin Cloth sticker, cause the emotional resonance of consumers, break the consumption barriers of Yangxin Cloth sticker handicrafts, and realize the two-way resource feedback of improving the cognition of Yangxin Cloth sticker and the income of the sticker makers.
The function of “Yangxin Cloth Stickers” APP product contains: First, Cloth Stickers Information Zone, in which you can learn about the real-time information of Yangxin Cloth Stickers, the categories of Cloth Stickers, the introduction of the inheritors, and be able to sign up for Cloth Stickers activities in the relevant information directly. Second, the creative area, used to display the cloth sticker creative goodies, one-click purchase or share, for others to share the cloth sticker creative products can be customized and purchased with one click. Third, customization area, users can design the style of cloth sticker products independently. Fourth, the message area, which is convenient for users to check the dialog with the inheritor, product customer service dialog, and check the logistics news. Fifth, personal area, used for users to change, publish personal advice and information, which has collection display, set feedback and other functions. For the above functions, the APP functional framework was made as shown in Figure 1, and according to the framework diagram, we started to draw the APP prototype diagram and the production of the later effect diagram.
App framework
The name of the Yangxin Cloth Paste Digital Cultural and Creative App is “Cloth Paste Maker”, i.e. “Yangxin Cloth Paste Maker”. “Creation” not only represents the DIY feature of one-click customization within the APP, but also represents the fact that every product of Yangxin Cloth Stickers is a work of art from folk craftsmen. In the process of icon design of “Cloth Stickers”, as we experimented with the sketch design in the early stage, drafts 1 and 2 are easy to make users who are unfamiliar with Yangxin Cloth Stickers blur the function of the APP and its cultural content. Therefore, the abbreviation of the application name “Patchwork Made” is extracted as the source of icon design, and with the help of Chinese direct expression, the recognition of APP application and related cultural content is improved. The design style of the startup icon is flat and minimalist, using AI software to evolve the text path on the font, along with a white stroke to make it more holistic and enrich the text design sense. At the same time, it also shows the characteristics of Yangxin cloth sticker technique, such as the common use of white cotton thread to outline the edge of the image on the cloth to form an embossed texture. The traditional color scheme of Yangxin cloth sticker handicrafts is chosen for the base color of the icon, i.e. dark blue or black as the base and bright colors as the embellishments, forming a strong contrast. As a result, the base color of the icon is dark blue, with orange and grey-blue as the gradient of the font color to highlight the theme, and the pattern of “Butterfly Playing with Golden Melon” of Greedy Doodle is added to the background, which is integrated into the dark blue background by using Positive Overlay to finally form the “Patchwork Made” startup icon.
There are four auxiliary function areas in the homepage “Patchwork Society”: Patchwork Activities, Patchwork Classroom, Patchwork Atlas and Artisan Encyclopedia. Patchwork Activities and Patchwork Lectures are used to provide information on offline activities of Yangxin Patchwork, and online registration information with the event organizers. The Atlas and Artisan Encyclopedia are used to provide cultural contents such as categories of stickers and details of inheritors.
The design in the functional interaction experience is shown in Figure 2. Simulate the possibility of user interaction in the home page of the “Cloth Club” and “one-click customization” functional area, to establish a framework for users to jump, so as to appropriately reduce the auxiliary functions of the interface, reduce the cumbersome interaction experience and demand for the bottom of the auxiliary function area. Such as the home page of the function of the partition is obvious, the user can stay in the current page overview information or a key to jump to the area, auxiliary function for the collection. The Banner on the main page pushes popular sticker activities for users, while the illustration Banner mainly pushes sticker creative products activities, which stimulates users’ interest to browse for more creative products, so that they can enter the APP’s main core function area, “one-click customization”, to make sticker creative products.
In the interactive state presentation, the designer should consider the user body, the characteristics of the cell phone, as well as the dynamic effect style and the overall tone of the interface is the same as the unity of the problem, so as to make the interface elements to achieve mutual coordination, minimize the user’s memory burden, so that the product sense of use to achieve the optimal. Thus, in the design, the simple dynamic effect display is used to adapt to the flat style of the interface, and the shape and memory characteristics of the product are taken as the source of the design of the dynamic effect. For example, the touch state of the icon, after the user touches a different ICON, the icon is filled through the buffer bouncing way to present.
Design of functional interaction experience
In today’s big data background, people’s lifestyles have changed, takeaway orders, online group purchases and other online consumption behavior is recorded by the big data and feedback, the platform according to user preferences, consumption level and other aspects of the difference between the precise positioning, recommended for its different consumption content. Yangxin non-legacy service platform through big data algorithms to collect the target user browsing preferences, consumption behavior and other data on the App as the basis for optimizing the product and service process, and through the user’s feedback to continuously carry out product optimization and service process upgrading. Will be transformed from the traditional selling and teaching mode into a dual-channel selling and teaching mode, users can go to the store to buy, self-service purchase of cloth sticker products in the platform selling terminal, can also be completed through the App online. Craftsmen can teach cloth sticking techniques through live broadcasts or recorded videos, or open small class classes or one-on-one customized guidance in offline stores, breaking the traditional single inheritance model through a combination of online and offline, and transforming “cultural communication” into “cultural interactive experience projects”.
Structural equation modeling, in short, still utilizes a system of simultaneous equations to solve, but it does not have very strict assumption constraints. In contrast to traditional statistical analysis, structural equation modeling allows for measurement error in both the independent and dependent variables. Structural equation modeling has additional features that are superior to methods such as multiple regression, path analysis, systems of simultaneous equations in econometrics, and factor analysis. Path analysis and covariate modeling in econometrics, although they also use systems of covariates, are analogous to multiple regression in that they can only deal with variables that have observations and are assumed to be free of measurement error in their observations. In the social sciences, however, many variables such as intelligence, ability, trust, self-esteem, motivation, success, ambition, prejudice, alienation, conservatism, satisfaction, and other concepts are not directly measurable. In fact, these variables are basically hypothetical concepts that people have created for the purpose of understanding and studying society, and therefore, there is no operational method of direct measurement for these variables.
One can find some observable variables that serve as identifiers of these latent variables, however, the observational identifiers of these latent variables always contain a large amount of measurement error. In statistical analysis, even for those observable variables that can be measured, there is always the problem of measurement error. In conventional regression analysis, the occurrence of measurement error in the dependent variable can lead to serious bias in the estimation of the parameters of the conventional regression model, which can lead to the unreliability of the model developed. While conventional factor analysis allows for the creation of multivariate identifiers for latent variables and can also deal with measurement error, it cannot analyze the relationships between factors. Structural equation modeling, on the other hand, enables the researcher to deal with measurement error in the analysis and at the same time analyze the structural relationships among the latent variables. Thus the system of simultaneous equations of structural equation modeling includes the following two types of equations:
1) Measurement equations:
Measurement equations are sets of equations that represent the relationship between observed variable
2) Structural equations:
Structural equations are sets of equations that represent the relationship between latent variables and latent variables, equation description:
From these two sets of equations, with some modeling setup, the individual parameters in the structural equation model can be calculated through a kind of iterative solution process.
Regression Analysis the equations for linear regression analysis can then be mathematically modeled as follows:
When neither the independent variable
It is then modeled as follows:
To calculate the relationship between the variables. And this kind of statistical analysis is not always appropriate. Analyses such as these, which involve relationships between latent variables, are often impossible to analyze using traditional analytical methods. Sometimes, even if they can be analyzed, the results are highly unreliable. Structural equation modeling provides an excellent solution to this problem.
In the spirit of understanding the impact of local residents in the process of using the digital APP of Yangxin Cloth Paste by investigating the perception and support of local Yangxin Cloth Paste digitization vernacular in Yangxin County in the eastern region of Hubei. Sampling was conducted on the Internet using the dual methods of on-site interviews and questionnaires, with a total sample capacity of 500, 410 valid questionnaires were recovered, and the questionnaire recovery rate was 82%. After receiving the questionnaires and answers, sociological statistical methods were applied to analyze the survey data to draw relevant conclusions.Q1~Q13: The digitization of Yangxin Cloth Stickers is really worth seeing. The digitization of Yangxin cloth stickers promotes traditional culture. The designs of Yangxin sticker digitization are getting tasteless, vulgar and uniform. The digitization of Yangxin cloth stickers increases the communication with the outside world. The digitization of Yangxin cloth stickers increases local cultural facilities. The digitization of Yangxin stickers provides more platforms for display. The digitization of Yangxin Cloth Patch protects its own development. Yangxin Cloth Patch Digitization facilitates outsiders to learn. The digitization of Yangxin Cloth Patch demonstrates how you would like to read about it. The digitization of Yangxin Cloth Patch has developed traditional culture. The digitization of Yangxin Cloth Patch has caused many social and moral problems. The digitization of Yangxin cloth stickers has changed and damaged traditional culture. You will respond to the Yangxin Cloth Patch digitalization arrangement on your own initiative and even recommend it for friends, classmates or strangers. (1-strongly disagree, 2-disagree, 3-don’t care, 4-agree, 5-strongly agree).
After conducting the survey, we statistically calculated the mean value of each question: the following are the results of the survey for different genders as shown in Figure 3, and we can see from the changes in the increase or decrease of the values in the figure that in Q2, Q3, Q7, and Q9, the ratings of the residents over 60 years of age are relatively lower, which means that in terms of the preservation of the national language, and the income of the people, the older people’s perceived attitudes are weaker. Meanwhile, in Q1, Q5, Q8, Q11 and these items, the relative ratings of the elderly are higher, respectively 4.26, 4.22, 3.92, 4.83. That is to say, the elderly than the young people will think that the digitization of Yangxin Cloth stickers holds reduced the value of the national culture, and triggered the social morality and other problems. The reason why the elderly will be weaker than young people in the perception that the holding of Yangxin Cloth Patch digitization reduces the value of national culture is mainly due to the fact that the elderly are more aware of the cultural practices of their own people than young people, and because of many years of inculcation, they have already had a deep understanding of the traditional culture, so when Yangxin Cloth Patch digitization in the form of the manifestation of the content of any involved in traditional culture, the elderly will be more conscious of the original culture. Elderly people will be more consciously compare the original consciousness to deny or affirm. So as long as the form or content does not meet the time, the perception of the elderly will decline, the recognition and support of Yangxin cloth sticker digitization will also decline. On the contrary, young people are more likely to accept new content, as long as the form and content are more in line with the original culture, their acceptance may not be affected.
Perceptual analysis of cultural contrue in different age groups
The data of the survey results are shown in Figure 4, and we can know that there are some differences in the recognition of local residents of different genders for the cultural authenticity shown in the digitization of Yangxin cloth stickers (the items with large differences are mainly manifested in Q3 (3.30, 2.67), Q6 (2.98, 2.37), Q7 (1.70, 1.40), and Q10 (1.96, 1.18). In these items, the general perception of women is significantly lower than that of men, that is to say, women’s perception of items such as the degree of performance or protection of the local language, and whether the digitization of Yangxin Cloth Paste is providing a lot of platforms for the participation of locals, etc. have significantly lower scores and weaker perceptions. This also indicates that women are more conservative in the inheritance and protection of local ethnic cultures, while men are more able to accept the few adjustments to culture in the digitization of Yangxin Cloth Paste.
Perceptual analysis of cultural contrue in different gender groups
By comparing the results of perceptions for groups with different levels of education as shown in Figure 5, we can see a common new trend, that is, as the level of education gets higher and higher, the higher the scores of positively held positive attitudes of the residents, especially shown in the questions Q1, Q3, Q6 and Q13, in contrast, those perceptions of negative impacts such as the two items Q11 and Q12, on the contrary with higher and higher levels of literacy the lower the score. From this result and the feedback in the survey, we can see that this situation is mainly because with the improvement of education program, people are more likely to accept foreign things. Therefore, when the form or content of digitized Yangxin Cloth Stickers involves new content, the higher the education level, the easier it is to accept it.
The perceptual analysis of cultural contrue in different education levels
The questionnaire was also randomly released on the Internet, and a total of 100 questionnaires were collected in the pre-survey, with 95 valid questionnaires and a validity rate of 95%, and the data from the pre-survey samples were then analyzed for reliability and validity. In the questionnaire, most of the questions are of variable measurement type, and the number of measurement indexes used is 25, and the number of questions about the perception of authenticity is 11, mainly including cultural authenticity (A), authenticity of Yangxin Cloth Paste products (B), authenticity of digital display interface (C), APP dependence (D), APP identity (E), and user satisfaction (F).
The results obtained from the correlation analysis are shown in Figure 6 and there is a significant positive correlation between the two variables of these studies. If there is a relatively small value of the coefficient, it means that there is a relatively weak correlation. If there is a relatively large coefficient, then it means that there is a strong correlation between the two facilitators. Based on the data of the correlation coefficients of the different variables, it can be found that among the questions of the questionnaire, the five variables have a very clear correlation with each other, in addition, all the correlation coefficients are positive. Accordingly, it can be known that after users have used Yangxin Cloth Sticker APP, their degree of authenticity perception, APP dependence, APP identification will contribute to their overall satisfaction, or rather, their satisfaction change will be significantly affected by the degree of perception of cultural authenticity of Yangxin Cloth Sticker digital display (0.508), and the satisfaction change will be significantly affected by the degree of perception of users’ APP dependence (0.468), APP identification (0.476), and the relationship between the two is also very clear.
Correlation analysis
The results of structural equation modeling analysis are shown in Table 1, the role of cultural authenticity on APP dependence (β=0.2,p=0.003) is significantly positive. The role of Yangxin cloth sticker product authenticity on APP dependence (the value of β is 0.203, p less than 0.05) is significantly positive. The effect of digital display interface vernacular on APP dependency (the value of β was 0.241, p did not reach 0.05) was significantly positive. The role of cultural authenticity on APP identification (β=0.32, p<0.05), the role of yangxin cloth-pasted product authenticity on APP identification (β=0.198,p<0.05), the role of digitized display interface authenticity on APP identification (β=0.25, p<0.05), the role of cultural authenticity on user satisfaction (β=0.168, p<0.05), the role of yangxin The effect of fabric product authenticity on user satisfaction (β=0.153,p<0.05), the role of digital display interface authenticity on user satisfaction (β=0.198,p<0.05), the effect of APP dependence on user satisfaction (β=0.205,p<0.05), and the role of APP identification on user satisfaction (β=0.187,p<0.05) Same as above.
Hypothesis test results analysis
| Path | STD.Estimate | Estimate | S.E. | C.R. | P | Test result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| App dependency-cultural contrue | 0.2 | 0.175 | 0.063 | 3.212 | 0.003 | Support |
| App dependency-The nature of the new cloth stick product | 0.203 | 0.224 | 0.079 | 3.07 | 0.003 | Support |
| App dependency-Digital display interface | 0.241 | 0.242 | 0.068 | 3.520 | *** | Support |
| App identity-Cultural contrue | 0.32 | 0.186 | 0.045 | 4.195 | *** | Support |
| App identity-The nature of the new cloth stick product | 0.198 | 0.176 | 0.056 | 3.22 | 0.003 | Support |
| App identity--Digital display interface | 0.25 | 0.20 | 0.054 | 3.725 | *** | Support |
| User satisfaction-cultural contrue | 0.168 | 0.128 | 0.048 | 2.684 | 0.008 | Support |
| User satisfaction-The nature of the new cloth stick product | 0.153 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 2.596 | 0.03 | Support |
| User satisfaction-Digita ldisplay interface | 0.198 | 0.184 | 0.058 | 3.22 | 0.003 | Support |
| User satisfaction-App dependenc | 0.205 | 0.194 | 0.052 | 3.720 | *** | Support |
| User satisfaction-App identity | 0.187 | 0.211 | 0.068 | 3.167 | 0.003 | Support |
In AMOS24.0, the significance of the indirect effect was confirmed by conducting 5000 repeated samples by BOOTSTRAP sampling method and observing whether the 95% confidence intervals contain 0. The results of the analysis are shown in Table 2, which gives an idea of the Cultural Authenticity-APP Dependency-User Satisfaction path. Yangxin Cloth Patch Product Authenticity-APP Dependency-User Satisfaction Path. Digital display interface authenticity-APP dependence-user satisfaction path. Cultural authenticity-APP identification-user satisfaction path. Yangxin Cloth Paste Product Authenticity-APP Recognition-User Satisfaction Path. Digital Display Interface Authenticity-APP Identity-User Satisfaction Path. None of these six paths 95% confidence intervals cover 0. Therefore, APP dependence, APP identification has a significant indirect effect between cultural authenticity, digital display interface authenticity, Yangxin cloth sticker product authenticity and satisfaction, and at the same time, all of them are significantly established in the direct effect test, so APP dependence, APP identification has a mediating role, a partial mediation.
Intermediate effect test
| Paramter | Estimate | Bias-corrected95%CI | Percentile 95%CI | Intermediate effect | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | Partial intermediary | ||
| Cultural contrue-App dependency-User satisfaction | 0.042 | 0.01 | 0.092 | 0.009 | 0.09 | Partial intermediary |
| The nature of the new cloth stick product-App dependency-User satisfaction | 0.043 | 0.008 | 0.094 | 0.008 | 0.089 | Partial intermediary |
| Digital display interface-App dependency-User satisfaction | 0.052 | 0.015 | 0.104 | 0.013 | 0.094 | Partial intermediary |
| Cultural contrue-App identity-User satisfaction | 0.050 | 0.007 | 0.120 | 0.008 | 0.117 | Partial intermediary |
| The nature of the new cloth stick product-App identity-Users satisfaction | 0.038 | 0.008 | 0.093 | 0.004 | 0.086 | Partial intermediary |
| The nature of the new cloth stick product-App identity-User satisfaction | 0.042 | 0.012 | 0.110 | 0.007 | 0.094 | Partial intermediary |
This paper focuses on finding an effective way to integrate Yangxin cloth stickers with digital media, using mobile applications as a communication platform and as a useful catalyst for the inheritance and development of non-genetic heritage. A questionnaire survey was used to explore users’ perception of the authenticity of the digital presentation of Yangxin cloth stickers. The results show that:
Compared to young people, older people have a lower perception of authenticity, and their recognition and support for the digitization of Yangxin Cloth Paste will drop, and they are less likely to accept new content. There is a difference in the perception of authenticity between genders, and girls are relatively conservative in the inheritance process of Yangxin Cloth Paste. The higher the education level, the easier it is to accept the new forms and contents in the digitization of each Yangxin Cloth Paste. Cultural authenticity, Yangxin Cloth Paste product authenticity, digitized display interface authenticity, APP dependence and APP identity all positively affect user satisfaction (p<0.05).