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The impact of urban expansion in Beijing and Metropolitan Area urban heat Island from 1999 to 2019

Jinpei Yang

Jinpei Yang

University of New South WalesSydney, Australia
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Yang, Jinpei
, 
Khaled Mohammad Alahmadi

Khaled Mohammad Alahmadi

Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Alahmadi, Khaled Mohammad
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Sara Shirowzhan

Sara Shirowzhan

University of New South WalesSydney, Australia
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Shirowzhan, Sara
  
22 nov. 2021
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Publié en ligne: 22 nov. 2021
Pages: 581 - 600
Reçu: 06 juin 2021
Accepté: 24 sept. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2021.1.00104
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© 2021 Jinpei Yang et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Workflow of some index of heat island.
Workflow of some index of heat island.

Fig. 1

Layout of Beijing Metropolitan Area.
Layout of Beijing Metropolitan Area.

Fig. 2

Population division in Beijing from 1999 to 2019.
Population division in Beijing from 1999 to 2019.

Fig. 3

LUCC in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. LUCC, land use cover change.
LUCC in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. LUCC, land use cover change.

Fig. 4

LST in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. LST, land surface temperature.
LST in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. LST, land surface temperature.

Fig. 5

NDBI in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. NDBI, normalised difference building index.
NDBI in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. NDBI, normalised difference building index.

Fig. 6

NDVI in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. NDVI, normalised difference vegetation index.
NDVI in Beijing from 1999 to 2019. NDVI, normalised difference vegetation index.

Fig. 7

UHII in Beijing.
UHII in Beijing.

Database

Time Tool
999.08.10 Landsat 5
2005.07.25 Landsat 5
2010.08.08 Landsat 5
2014.08.19 Landsat 8
2019.08.17 Landsat 8

Classification of heat island intensity

Thermal grade Range
High temperature T> u+std
Sub high-temperature u+0.5std < T < u+std
Mid temperature range u-0.5std < T < u+0.5std
Sub low temperature u-std < T < u-0.5std
Low temperature < T < u-std

Land Use Classification

Land use Year 1999 Year 2010 Year 2019 Year 1999 Year 2010 Year 2019
Percentage km2
Cropland 47.44% 31.13% 12.97% 1075.81 705.97 294.04
Woodland 7.40% 8.84% 7.55% 167.71 200.50 171.27
Grassland 6.07% 2.81% 5.67% 137.56 63.61 128.64
Water body 1.07% 1.12% 1.67% 24.20 25.40 37.87
Built-up land 38.03% 56.10% 72.14% 862.31 1272.11 1635.79
Langue:
Anglais
Périodicité:
1 fois par an
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Sciences de la vie, Sciences de la vie, autres, Mathématiques, Mathématiques appliquées, Mathématiques générales, Physique, Physique, autres
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