Exploring the Ethical and Legal Boundaries of Artificial Intelligence in Forensic and Document Examination

This paper centers on digital forensics and systematically explores its ethical risk prevention and control mechanism. It defines the conceptual connotation of digital forensics and reveals its dual attributes of technological empowerment and ethical challenges. Based on the stakeholder perspective, an ethical risk evaluation index system with 4 dimensions and 10 indicators is constructed. The X case is analyzed as a research object, and a comprehensive evaluation model with subjective-objective combination of weights is established using the improved AHP method and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory. The risk evaluation level is divided, and the ethical risk value is calculated from both the probability of risk occurrence and the consequences of loss. The results show that the overall ethical risk value of Case X is 0.691, and the ethical risk value is in the interval of [0.6, 0.8), and its ethical risk evaluation grade is higher risk. The ethical risk value of the technology implementation is 0.4, which is within the interval of [0.4, 0.6), and its ethical risk evaluation level is medium risk. This study proposes the ethical supervision method of digital-intelligent forensic appraisal from the levels of technological governance, institutional regulation, and collaborative supervision to provide theoretical support for the advancement of forensic appraisal initiation system.