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The impact of global warming on the small Scottish Fishing Company

Lixiu Ma

Lixiu Ma

School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of TechnologyShandong, China
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Ma, Lixiu
, 
Haozheng Gu

Haozheng Gu

School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of TechnologyShandong, China
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Gu, Haozheng
, 
Guy M. Bernard

Guy M. Bernard

Department of Chemistry, University of AlbertaAlberta, Canada
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Bernard, Guy M.
 und 
Xiaochuan Ma

Xiaochuan Ma

School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan UniversityHubei, China
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Ma, Xiaochuan
  
21. Okt. 2022
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Online veröffentlicht: 21. Okt. 2022
Seitenbereich: 2551 - 2566
Eingereicht: 01. Juni 2021
Akzeptiert: 26. Sept. 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2021.2.00127
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© 2023 Lixiu Ma et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Distribution of landings (Unit: ton) according to [10]: (a) North Sea mackerel; (b) North Sea herring; and (c) north of Scotland herring
Distribution of landings (Unit: ton) according to [10]: (a) North Sea mackerel; (b) North Sea herring; and (c) north of Scotland herring

Fig. 2

Monthly average SST of North Atlantic data from HadISST according to [13], (a) In April 2013. (b) In May 2013. (c) In June 2013. SST, sea surface temperature
Monthly average SST of North Atlantic data from HadISST according to [13], (a) In April 2013. (b) In May 2013. (c) In June 2013. SST, sea surface temperature

Fig. 3

SST-Time curve, ranging from 1991 to 2070, at 60.5N 2.5W. SST, sea surface temperature
SST-Time curve, ranging from 1991 to 2070, at 60.5N 2.5W. SST, sea surface temperature

Fig. 4

Month average SST isotherm plots for the North Atlantic. (a) April 2020. (b) April 2030. (c) April 2040. (d) April 2050 (e) April 2060. (f) April 2070. SST, sea surface temperature
Month average SST isotherm plots for the North Atlantic. (a) April 2020. (b) April 2030. (c) April 2040. (d) April 2050 (e) April 2060. (f) April 2070. SST, sea surface temperature

Fig. 5

Migration route prediction. (a) The movement of herring habitat. (b) The movement of mackerel habitat
Migration route prediction. (a) The movement of herring habitat. (b) The movement of mackerel habitat

Fig. 6

(a) In 2069, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the best case, the port position being 58.4N 3.3W; (b) In 2024, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the worst case, the port position being 56N 3.3W; (c) In 2054, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the most likely case, the port position being 57.5N, 1.8W. Compared to the temperature, the time can be found that the vessel which can't catch the fish has less relation to the port's position. In the best case, the isotherm is tortuous and has many independent high- or low-temperature regions, but this case is rare in the real ocean because of the fluidity of seawater. Thus, this case has virtually no chance of happening. Without the best case, the most likely case prevails and it shows that fish stocks will be too far away from ports and small fishing vessels won't land fishes in their regular fishery field by around 2054
(a) In 2069, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the best case, the port position being 58.4N 3.3W; (b) In 2024, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the worst case, the port position being 56N 3.3W; (c) In 2054, fishers will start finding it difficult to catch fish in the most likely case, the port position being 57.5N, 1.8W. Compared to the temperature, the time can be found that the vessel which can't catch the fish has less relation to the port's position. In the best case, the isotherm is tortuous and has many independent high- or low-temperature regions, but this case is rare in the real ocean because of the fluidity of seawater. Thus, this case has virtually no chance of happening. Without the best case, the most likely case prevails and it shows that fish stocks will be too far away from ports and small fishing vessels won't land fishes in their regular fishery field by around 2054

Fig. 7

Fishery distribution model. (a) Herring Model. (b) Mackerel Model
Fishery distribution model. (a) Herring Model. (b) Mackerel Model

Fig. 8

Earnings from fishing per vessel per day. (a) Herring, Δm1n = 0.35, l = 100, and m1 = 20, 30, 40 in region A. (b) Mackerel, Δm2n = 0.3, l = 100, and m2 = 20, 30, 40, 50 in Region B. (c) Mackerel, Δm2n = 0.3, l = 100, and m2 = 20, 30, 40, 50 in Region C
Earnings from fishing per vessel per day. (a) Herring, Δm1n = 0.35, l = 100, and m1 = 20, 30, 40 in region A. (b) Mackerel, Δm2n = 0.3, l = 100, and m2 = 20, 30, 40, 50 in Region B. (c) Mackerel, Δm2n = 0.3, l = 100, and m2 = 20, 30, 40, 50 in Region C
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