Emerging Technology-Driven Legal Education Reform and the Cultivation of Students’ Critical Thinking Skills

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Critical thinking ability of control group before and after the experiment

Dimension	M±SD		T	P
	Before	After
Truth-seeking	36.28±7.98	37.99±8.95	-1.478	0.864
Open mind	36.23±6.46	38.42±7.95	-2.117	0.745
Analysis ability	36.77±7.53	37.64±9.56	-0.874	0.883
Systematization ability	37.06±9.59	36.36±7.37	0.748	0.766
Confidence of critical thinking	38.13±7.84	38.16±7.32	-0.412	0.729
Thirst for knowledge	38.09±8.37	36.38±7.72	1.522	0.833
Cognitive maturity	37.21±7.62	35.39±6.17	1.847	0.751
Total	259.77±29.84	260.34±28.48	-0.752	0.972

Critical thinking ability of experimental group before and after the experiment

Dimension	M±SD		T	P
	Before	After
Truth-seeking	37.74±8.92	46.95±9.66	3.488	0.000
Open mind	36.31±8.30	49.32±14.93	7.485	0.000
Analysis ability	35.28±9.05	48.45±12.34	7.264	0.000
Systematization ability	37.03±7.57	48.98±10.33	5.263	0.000
Confidence of critical thinking	37.81±6.63	49.66±11.02	5.784	0.000
Thirst for knowledge	38.06±6.16	46.63±9.35	3.041	0.000
Cognitive maturity	38.88±8.78	46.57±10.94	2.546	0.000
Total	261.11±27.49	336.56±39.08	12.154	0.000

Comparison of critical thinking ability of two groups before the experiment

Dimension	M±SD		T	P
	Experimental group	Control group
Truth-seeking	37.74±8.92	36.28±7.98	0.845	0.605
Open mind	36.31±8.30	36.23±6.46	0.426	0.765
Analysis ability	35.28±9.05	36.77±7.53	-0.745	0.755
Systematization ability	37.03±7.57	37.06±9.59	-0.268	0.695
Confidence of critical thinking	37.81±6.63	38.13±7.84	-0.433	0.885
Thirst for knowledge	38.06±6.16	38.09±8.37	-0.521	0.755
Cognitive maturity	38.88±8.78	37.21±7.62	0.647	0.865
Total	261.11±27.49	259.77±29.84	0.862	0.935

Primary index score contribution rate

Primary index	Theoretical contribution	Theoretical contribution rate	Real contribution	Real contribution rate	Real/theoretical contribution rate
Teaching background (A)	10.10	10.10%	9.51	10.33%	1.023
Class teaching input (B)	23.60	23.60%	20.62	22.41%	0.950
Teaching process (C)	37.40	37.40%	35.41	38.48%	1.029
Class teaching effect (D)	28.90	28.90%	26.49	28.78%	0.996
Total	100	100%	92.03	100%	1

Law education evaluation index system

Primary index	Weight	Secondary index	Weight	Tertiary index	Weight
Teaching background (A)	0.101	Teaching target (A1)	0.209	Learning diagnosis (A11)	0.215
				Teaching content (A12)	0.206
				Core literacy cultivation (A13)	0.376
				Target basic attribute (A14)	0.203
		Teacher ability (A2)	0.379	Occupational ethics (A21)	0.210
				Teaching ability (A22)	0.406
				Professional literacy (A23)	0.384
		Student attitude and ability (A3)	0.412	Learning ability (A31)	0.359
				Learning motivation (A32)	0.304
				Self-efficacy (A33)	0.337
Class teaching input (B)	0.236	Teaching scheme planning (B1)	0.297	Learning and practice combination (B11)	0.416
				Teaching resource application (B12)	0.318
				Teaching method rationality (B13)	0.266
		Student input (B2)	0.345	Pre-class preparation (B21)	0.254
				Theoretical knowledge development (B22)	0.327
				Post-class activity participation (B23)	0.419
		School resource input (B3)	0.358	Organizational training (B31)	0.187
				Teaching research (B32)	0.203
				Human resource utilization (B33)	0.175
				Post-class activity organization (B34)	0.234
				Extracurricular competition (B35)	0.201
Teaching process (C)	0.374	Teacher behavior (C1)	0.312	Class routine (C11)	0.194
				Guide and demonstration (C12)	0.206
				Information technology application (C13)	0.207
				Moot court creation (C14)	0.211
				Class atmosphere (C15)	0.182
		Student behavior (C2)	0.336	Observation and learning (C21)	0.326
				Viewing and evaluation (C22)	0.357
				Skill practice (C23)	0.317
		Teacher and student interaction (C3)	0.352	Question and answer (C31)	0.248
				Learning and practice combination (C32)	0.752
Class teaching effect (D)	0.289	Student literacy improvement (D1)	0.362	Law ethics cultivation (D11)	0.254
				Professional ability cultivation (D12)	0.384
				Good habit cultivation (D13)	0.362
		Teacher development and evaluation (D2)	0.325	Teaching effect (D21)	0.355
				Teaching reflection (D22)	0.213
				Teaching efficiency improvement (D23)	0.247
				Teaching ability development (D24)	0.185
		Class overall effect (D3)	0.313	Sustainability (D31)	0.384
				Extensibility (D32)	0.213
				Innovation (D33)	0.403

Tertiary index score

Primary index	Secondary index	Tertiary index	Score
Teaching background (A)	Teaching target (A1)	Learning diagnosis (A11)	91.22
		Teaching content (A12)	90.18
		Core literacy cultivation (A13)	88.28
		Target basic attribute (A14)	78.06
	Teacher ability (A2)	Occupational ethics (A21)	89.24
		Teaching ability (A22)	95.45
		Professional literacy (A23)	87.31
	Student attitude and ability (A3)	Learning ability (A31)	86.83
		Learning motivation (A32)	92.97
		Self-efficacy (A33)	90.51
Class teaching input (B)	Teaching scheme planning (B1)	Learning and practice combination (B11)	92.25
		Teaching resource application (B12)	79.18
		Teaching method rationality (B13)	85.92
	Student input (B2)	Pre-class preparation (B21)	93.62
		Theoretical knowledge development (B22)	90.62
		Post-class activity participation (B23)	94.77
	School resource input (B3)	Organizational training (B31)	78.31
		Teaching research (B32)	91.37
		Human resource utilization (B33)	95.01
		Post-class activity organization (B34)	77.78
		Extracurricular competition (B35)	95.01
Teaching process (C)	Teacher behavior (C1)	Class routine (C11)	86.18
		Guide and demonstration (C12)	88.50
		Information technology application (C13)	76.51
		Moot court creation (C14)	89.58
		Class atmosphere (C15)	93.51
	Student behavior (C2)	Observation and learning (C21)	94.91
		Viewing and evaluation (C22)	78.69
		Skill practice (C23)	89.04
	Teacher and student interaction (C3)	Question and answer (C31)	79.15
		Learning and practice combination (C32)	87.90
Class teaching effect (D)	Student literacy improvement (D1)	Law ethics cultivation (D11)	91.20
		Professional ability cultivation (D12)	86.68
		Good habit cultivation (D13)	92.18
	Teacher development and evaluation (D2)	Teaching effect (D21)	94.73
		Teaching reflection (D22)	87.51
		Teaching efficiency improvement (D23)	94.54
		Teaching ability development (D24)	90.16
	Class overall effect (D3)	Sustainability (D31)	87.25
		Extensibility (D32)	91.72
		Innovation (D33)	93.10

Comparison of critical thinking ability of two groups after the experiment

Dimension	M±SD		T	P
	Experimental group	Control group
Truth-seeking	46.95±9.66	37.99±8.95	3.845	0.000
Open mind	49.32±14.93	38.42±7.95	2.644	0.000
Analysis ability	48.45±12.34	37.64±9.56	2.745	0.000
Systematization ability	48.98±10.33	36.36±7.37	3.498	0.000
Confidence of critical thinking	49.66±11.02	38.16±7.32	2.151	0.000
Thirst for knowledge	46.63±9.35	36.38±7.72	1.643	0.000
Cognitive maturity	46.57±10.94	35.39±6.17	2.546	0.000
Total	336.56±39.08	260.34±28.48	5.662	0.000